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java.util.concurrent包的拆解

java.util.concurrent包:
1.locks部分:顯式鎖(互斥鎖和速寫鎖)相關(guān)
2.atomic部分:原子變量類相關(guān),是構(gòu)建非阻塞算法的基礎(chǔ)
3.executor部分:線程池相關(guān)
4.collection部分:并發(fā)容器相關(guān)
5.tools部分:同步工具相關(guān),如信號量、閉鎖、柵欄等功能

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1.collection部分:
1.1 BlockingQueue
BlockingQueue為接口,如果要用它,需要實現(xiàn)它的子類:
ArrayBlockingQueue
DelayQueue
LinkedBlockingQueue
SynchronousQueue
PriorityBlockingQueue
TransferQueue

   /**
  • 在兩個獨立的線程中啟動一個Producer和一個Consumer
  • Producer向一個共享的BlockingQueue注入字符串,而Comsumer從中拿出來
  • @Author mufeng
  • @Date 2019-7-8 11:25
    */
    public class BlockingQueueExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    BlockingQueue blockingQueue=new ArrayBlockingQueue(1024);
    Producer producer=new Producer(blockingQueue);
    Consumer consumer=new Consumer(blockingQueue);
    new Thread(producer).start();
    new Thread(consumer).start();
    try {
    Thread.sleep(4000);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    }
    class Producer implements Runnable{
    private BlockingQueue blockingQueue;
    public Producer(BlockingQueue blockingQueue){this.blockingQueue=blockingQueue;
    }
    @Override
    br/>this.blockingQueue=blockingQueue;
    }
    @Override
    try {
    blockingQueue.put("1");
    Thread.sleep(1000);
    blockingQueue.put("2");
    Thread.sleep(1000);
    blockingQueue.put("3");
    Thread.sleep(1000);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    }
    class Consumer implements Runnable{
    private BlockingQueue blockingQueue;
    public Consumer(BlockingQueue blockingQueue){
    this.blockingQueue=blockingQueue;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
    try {
    System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
    System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
    System.out.println(blockingQueue.take());
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    }

2.Tools部分
2.1 CountDownLatch用法

/**

  • @Author mufeng
  • @Date 2019-7-8 11:54
    */
    public class TestCountDownLatch {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    final CountDownLatch countDownLatch=new CountDownLatch(2);
    new Thread(){
    public void run(){
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"processing");
    try {
    Thread.sleep(3000);
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"ended");
    countDownLatch.countDown();
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    }.start();
    new Thread(){
    public void run(){
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"processing");
    try {
    Thread.sleep(3000);
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"ended");
    countDownLatch.countDown();
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    }.start();
    try {
    System.out.println("wait success...");
    countDownLatch.await();//調(diào)用await()方法的線程會被掛起,會等待直到count值為0才繼續(xù)執(zhí)行
    System.out.println("2 end");
    } catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    }

/**

  • 所有線程都停留在柵欄的位置,都結(jié)束,才繼續(xù)執(zhí)行
  • @Author mufeng
  • @Date 2019-7-8 14:10
    */
    public class TestCyclicBarrier {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    int n=4;
    CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier=new CyclicBarrier(n);
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
    new Writer(cyclicBarrier).start();
    }

}
class Writer extends Thread{
private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
public Writer(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier){
this.cyclicBarrier=cyclicBarrier;
}
public void run(){
try {
System.out.println("writer start");
Thread.sleep(5000);
System.out.println("writer end");
cyclicBarrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("continue...");
}
}

/**

  • Semaphore可以控制同時訪問的線程個數(shù),通過acquire()獲取一個許可,如果沒有就等待,而release()釋放一個許可。
  • @Author mufeng
  • @Date 2019-7-8 14:32
    */
    public class TestSemaphore {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    int N=8;//工人數(shù)
    Semaphore semaphore=new Semaphore(5);//機器數(shù)
    for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
    new Worker(i,semaphore).start();
    }
    }
    }
    class Worker extends Thread{
    private int num;
    private Semaphore semaphore;
    public Worker(int num,Semaphore semaphore){
    this.num=num;
    this.semaphore=semaphore;
    }
    public void run(){
    try {
    semaphore.acquire();
    System.out.println("工人"+this.num+"occupy a machine。。。");
    Thread.sleep(2000);
    semaphore.release();
    System.out.println("工人"+this.num+"release a machine");
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    }

/**

  • Exchanger是在兩個任務(wù)之間交換對象的柵欄,當這些任務(wù)進入柵欄時,它們各自擁有一個對象,當它們離開時,它們都擁有之前由對象持有的對象
  • @Author mufeng
  • @Date 2019-7-8 14:54
    */
    public class TestExchanger {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    ExecutorService executor =Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
    final Exchanger exchanger=new Exchanger();
    executor.execute(new Runnable() {@Override
    br/>@Override
    String data1="li";
    doExchangeWork(data1,exchanger);
    }
    });
    executor.execute(new Runnable() {@Override
    br/>@Override
    String data1="zhang";
    doExchangeWork(data1,exchanger);
    }
    });
    executor.shutdown();
    }
    private static void doExchangeWork(String data1,Exchanger exchanger){
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"exchange:"+data1);
    try {
    String data2 = (String) exchanger.exchange(data1);
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"exchange to"+data2);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    }

3.Executor
四種線程池:newFixedThreadPool,newCachedThreadPool,newSingleThreadExecutor,newScheduledThreadPool
1.newFixedThreadPool創(chuàng)建一個可重用固定線程數(shù)的線程池,以共享的×××隊列方式來運行線程。
2.newCachedThreadPool創(chuàng)建一個可緩存線程池,如果線程池長度超過處理需要,可靈活回收空閑線程
3.newScheduledThreadPool創(chuàng)建一個定長線程池,支持定時及周期性任務(wù)執(zhí)行
4.newSingleThreadExecutor創(chuàng)建一個單線程化的線程池,它只會用唯一的工作線程來執(zhí)行任務(wù),保證所有任務(wù)按照指定順序(FIFO,LIFO,優(yōu)先級)執(zhí)行

任務(wù)分兩類:一類是實現(xiàn)了Runnable接口的類,一類是實現(xiàn)了Callable接口的類, Callable的call()方法只能通過ExecutorService的submit(Callable task)方法來執(zhí)行,
并且返回一個Future.

4.lock
Synchronized缺點
1.無法中斷
2.無法設(shè)置超時
3.使用在方法上的synchronized其實是個語法糖

lock(),trylock(),tryLock(long time,TimeUnit unit)和lockInterruptibly()是用來獲取鎖的,unlock()方法是用來釋放鎖的。

ReentrantLock 可重入鎖

5.atomic
標量類:AtomicBoolean,AtomicInteger,AtomicLong,AtomicReference
數(shù)組類:AtomicIntegerArray,AtomicLongArray,AtomicReferenceArray
更新器類:AtomicLongFieldUpdater,AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater,AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater
復(fù)合變量類:AtomicMarkableReference,AtomicStampedReference

分享題目:java.util.concurrent包的拆解
文章出自:http://sd-ha.com/article12/ipdgdc.html

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